Properties of the Interfacial Transition Zone in Model Concrete

The interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between aggregates and cement paste in cementitious materials is a crucial element in mechanical and transport systems. Computer simulation by the SPACE system is used to approach this problem in the present paper. For the particle-packing phenomenon in the fresh state of concrete, the SPACE system relies on a dynamic generation algorithm, reflecting the production conditions of concrete. Hence, structure of the model cement has been proven more realistic than can be achieved by random generator-based system.A natural phenomenon in the ITZ around aggregate particles is size segregation leading to different gradients in porosity, particle size and surface area. Size segregation implies the difference size fractions in the binder mixture to have peak values in their densities on different distances from the aggregate surface. Structural evolution of the ITZ is stereologically quantified with the help of composition and configuration parameters in the fresh and hardened states of concrete.The addition of mineral admixtures is a successful approach to improving the ITZ microstructure. Experiments demonstrated the blending efficiency to be higher for coarser grained Portland cement (PC), due to the positive effect exerted by gap grading, i.e. by having distinctly different size ranges of particles. This is confirmed by computer simulation of the ITZ microstructure in model concretes made with blended cements. In addition, it is very important in concrete production to achieve good workability conditions to ensure sufficient dispersion of the fine rice husk ash (RHA) particles and proper migration of them into the ITZ through the structure network of large cement particles.     

Quasiparticle dissipation in the measurement process of phase qubit using high- superconductors

We discuss how to make use of high-T_c d-wave Josephson junctions in the construction of a phase qubit. We especially focus on the effect of the quasiparticle dissipation and the zero energy bound state on the macroscopic quantum tunneling which corresponds to the final measurement process of the d-wave phase qubit.     

三维面形测量数据的计算全息可视化

提出利用计算机制全息进行三维面形测量数据立体重现的技术。首先利用三维面形测量技术同时获取三维物体的强度和距离像；然后根据三维面形测量数据，设计和制作菲涅耳计算全息图；最后将计算全息和光学全息相结合，以菲涅耳计算全息图的光学再现像为对象，记录光学像全息。这样既解决了计算机制全息术中真实三维物体立体信息数据捕捉的问题，又为三维面形检测提供了一个行之有效的立体重构技术。给出了这种方法的原理、计算全息的设计、制作方案和实验验证结果。     

计算机辅助教学在大学物理教学中的实践

文章分析了计算机辅助教学的现状，物理学科的特点以及计算机辅助教学与传统教学的区别，结合作者在大学物理教学中尝试计算机辅助教学的实践，论述了计算机辅助教学在大学物理教学中的应用，着重介绍了计算机辅助教学在大学物理课堂教学中的实际应用及教学体验，在大学物理实验教学中的关键技术处理，最后给出了在大学物理电磁学实验中应用电路模拟软件PSpice进行模拟实验的实例。     

Quantitative characteristics of structure inhomogeneity of water

Inhomogeneity of the local surroundings of molecules was studied for water models obtained by the molecular dynamic method. For all 3456 molecules in an independent unit cell, the volume of the Voronoi polyhedron (VVP) constructed around the oxygen atom, the tetrahedricity index (T), and the potential energy of the molecule (E _pot) were calculated. Based on the values of these parameters, the molecules were grouped into two classes. The first class included molecules for which this parameter was smaller than a certain critical value; the second included molecules for which the parameter exceeded the critical value. The critical value was chosen (for each configuration) such that each class contained exactly 50% of all molecules. Then it was investigated how many molecules belonged to each of these classes among the four nearest neighbors of the given sort. Deviation from the value obtained for random distribution of molecules of two sorts can serve as a measure of structure inhomogeneity, which shows itself as the tendency of a molecule to be surrounded by alike molecules. Since approximately half of all molecules are donors (and acceptors) for two hydrogen bonds at room temperature (a ₂ d ₂ type of coordination), a similar procedure is applicable to types of coordination of molecules. Molecules with a ₂ d ₂ coordination can be assigned to one class, while all other molecules can be considered as belonging to the other. Inhomogeneity of structure is most conspicuous for distribution of molecules with low and high values of the VVP (this is especially true of the surroundings of molecules with small values of VVP). The environment of molecules with high values of E _pot and of molecules with surroundings other than a ₂ d ₂ is nearly random.     

利用多媒体计算机演示拍现象

将传统的"拍"现象演示装置与现代的计算机多媒体教学技术结合,用麦克风采集拍音信号,并通过音箱放大,同时将采集到的信号输入到计算机中,利用频谱分析软件进行实时分析,并将拍信号投影在大屏幕上,使学生全面、直观地认识、掌握拍的概念.     

一种可用于原子全息光刻的二元计算全息新方法

 原子全息光刻即采用二元计算全息片掩模来操纵原子，实现微细结构的制作。传统二元计算全息产生的全息片在重现时会产生不止一个实像，这对于原子全息光刻的操作是不利的。提出了一种非相位编码的方法，该方法利用基元函数叠加方式产生实的编码前全息图，再利用类似罗曼Ⅲ型的编码方式产生二元计算全息图。模拟结果表明，利用该方法产生的掩模板可以产生单一的同原始图案相对应的微细结构。     

体散射液晶导光板的光线追迹模拟

体散射集成导光板是一种新型的液晶背光照明系统设计。基于多重米氏(Mie)散射理论和蒙特卡罗(Monte Carlo)顺序抽样方法,对该类型导光板进行了光线追迹模拟计算与仿真设计。研究了填充粒子材料、粒径、浓度及导光板几何结构等光学参量对输出光强面分布均匀性、照明角度等背光性能的影响,并进行了初步的实验验证及设计评估。研究表明,各光学参量十分敏感,且相互制约,必须进行大量的优化计算才能获得符合实际需要导光板设计方案。导光板输出光面分布的均匀度主要由填充粒子浓度决定,视角特性主要由导光板尺寸,特别是底面倾角决定,色散程度则主要和填充粒子的直径和折射率有关。     

优化氰戊菊酯气相色谱检测条件的研究

应用计算机拟合技术进行了氰戊菊酯的毛细管气相色谱检测条件的设计与优化的研究,建立了相关的数学模型。成功地求出了柱温252℃、压力17Pa时能够满足出峰时间快、峰型好的气相色谱检测条件。文章提出的检测手段和方法与传统方法对比,具有即可减少实验次数,又可一次就准确地找到最佳检测条件的优点,而且拟合技术的处理过程全部通过计算机进行处理,比传统的处理方法简便,并且在其他类型样本的色谱检测条件的优化上有广泛的应用价值。     

P507体系反萃取条件对平衡负载稀土量的研究

P507-盐酸体系是目前应用最为广泛的稀土萃取分离体系.在用P507-盐酸体系分离含中重稀土的原料时,由于重稀土元素（Tm,Yb,Lu）难于完全反萃,使得长期使用后的空白萃取剂中仍负载一定量的重稀土（称为平衡负载）.在重稀土元素分离时,平衡负载甚至高达有机相正常负载的10%以上,严重影响了相关分离工艺的运行和实际分离效果.根据多组分萃取分离体系的萃取-反萃平衡和物料平衡关系,将平衡负载引入反萃取参数计算的物料平衡模型,对反萃过程进行了计算机仿真模拟,研究了反萃酸的相对流量、反萃级数等工艺条件对平衡负载量的影响.模拟结果表明,平衡负载随反萃级数和反萃酸流量的增大而减小;消除重稀土平衡负载、保证反萃完全需要较高的反萃酸耗和较长的反萃级数.在工业生产中,可根据实际分离需要选择相对经济的工艺条件,将平衡负载控制在合理的范围内.